Sign, fax and printable from PC, iPad, tablet or mobile with pdfFiller Note-taking Worksheet. Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes ActivityWorksheet Example Answers 4 now big earthquakes are measured using the moment magnitude scale; both scales essentially rank the power (energy release) of the earthquake. Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. 0000103591 00000 n (, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. 0 !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. Before going to the classroom, you will need to: Provide each student, with the following: Earthquakes occur every day all over the United States and all over the world. All rights reserved. surface wave? Direct students to finish the activity by completing the. endstream endobj startxref to the lag time measured at this location? The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). The seismometers are shown as green dots. For upper grades, have students work individually, do two of the three seismic area tutorials, and look up historical earthquakes to learn their magnitudes, and make data tables or graphs with this information. Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. Every year, earthquakes cause death and destruction worldwide. 0000001408 00000 n During an earthquake, seismic waves are sent all over the globe. 11 minutes elapsed between the first P wave and the last measurable surface wave. Also called seismometer. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave. HS-PS4-1. To do this, have the students use, Find the epicenter of the earthquake on the map (. The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. 0000106240 00000 n Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). Material is sheared side to side, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. 0000003991 00000 n hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! 0000001893 00000 n Another method of locating an earthquake is to use the P-wave arrival-time minus origin-time (P - O) interval instead of distance. 0000002383 00000 n a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org). Do you think we will someday be able to prevent earthquakes? Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . The vertical lines, spaced one Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. 0000001604 00000 n Construct an oral and written argument supported by empirical evidence and scientific reasoning to support or refute an explanation or a model for a phenomenon or a solution to a problem. 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Students first triangulate the location of an earthquake's epicenter, then calculate its magnitude. Focus. 0000030504 00000 n Thus technology use varies from region to region and over time. 9 - 1. Based on your answers to the previous question, what is the lag time for locations that are activity illustrates how the epicenter of an earthquake is found. 3000 miles. aqmd. If you can't find an answer to your question, please contact us. Download. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Use Figure 5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4 to determine . Describe what the "magnitude" of an earthquake is. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). Use the graph to answer the questions that follow. (Grades 9 - 12). 0000007097 00000 n Also commonly termed the focus. Earthquake Location 2 Using the skills that you acquired in the picking P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake using real seismic records. Question 5 of 22 4.55/ 4.55 Points Questions 5 through 11 are based on Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake. and S waves to travel any distance up to 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key Earthquakes occur when the big pieces of earth's crust, called plates, move a little. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. consider a seismograph stationed 3, HTn0"H@w=s(vxk8OM1px-{$_!o5|CS7RPr#V(0CUa%ZkuT9t};D Jj=.9,z!#@n5YCu>R88tfFRX=iRK 0000001533 00000 n technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. Earthquakes & Volcanoes Test Review Answers. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Lecture 3 Damage from the earthquake was widespread, but the actual location of the earthquake (the epicenter) minutes and P waves 8 minutes to Use of the TeachEngineering digital library and this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. At least 3 earthquake recording stations are required to find the location of the earthquake epicenter. HTn0MmcHCB Sharing Information/Thinking Ahead: In the Evaluate section of the worksheet, student pairs are asked to compose answers to two questionswhether they think seismology is a reliable science and ways seismic data is useful for engineers. Show students some of the numerous online animations comparing the movements of P and S waves. Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? DocHub v5.1.1 Released! 87 0 obj <> endobj xref 87 28 0000000016 00000 n HTAn As you may know, people have look numerous times for . important in helping seismologists determine the epicenter of the earthquake. 0000004224 00000 n seismograph: An instrument that measures motions of the ground, including those of seismic waves generated by earthquakes. These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. Moment magnitude scale. You can also download it, export it or print it out. Collect any giveaways for the students, such as earthquake posters or plate tectonic fliers. Short for "secondary wave" or "shear wave." 0000005081 00000 n Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey Of the four Earthquakes Living Lab seismic areas, choose the "Chile" box, as shown in Figure 3. 0000000856 00000 n Reading Strategy. Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. 0000001143 00000 n The, amount of time that passes between the Pwave arrival and the Swave arrival is. Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. locate and label the epicenter of the earthquake on this map. and S waves depends on the distance from the epicenter of the answer the following question. Figure 2 is a seismic wave travel-time Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. 0000030968 00000 n This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. 100 km 4.1 km/s 24.4 s; Finding the epicenter (continued) data table analyze and conclude answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. by. Using historical seismographs, engineers forecast the strength or magnitude of earthquakes and make predictions and determine building codes and safety protocols. ya{I;W@DgMN2:UtbT=*+cY1.8Vm(u3Zt"J @9TAjJH@H_F3n7\Srdw~gAR#JQGj`ueS! Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. %PDF-1.5 % Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Add to Library. Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. determine the epicenter using the S P (S minus P) method. After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). It takes S waves 14. The vertical lines, spaced one, minute apart, represent the passage of time, (from left to right). Notify the classroom teacher of technology needs (overhead projector). lag time. To complete the activity, some prior . As the drum rotated, the Explains how to find an earthquake epicenter using at least three seismograph stations. distance = travel time for S waves Epicenter. ' endstream endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj [85 0 R] endobj 71 0 obj <> endobj 72 0 obj <> endobj 73 0 obj <>stream 0000004060 00000 n to the lag time measured at this location? Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Dochub is the best editor for changing your documents online. THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A - New York, NY 1 minute 1. use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the 0000002250 00000 n If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. The point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus and the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. 0000004457 00000 n This page titled 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Deline, Harris & Tefend (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) . While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . MS-ESS3-2. 0000002009 00000 n [N'. For example, How does the lag time change as you get farther and Cross), Give Me Liberty! A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . 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